The number of times a katana is folded during the forging process can vary depending on the swordsmith and their specific techniques. It is important to note that the number of folds does not necessarily determine the quality or performance of a katana. The folding process was traditionally used to refine the steel and create distinct grain patterns, rather than solely for increasing strength or durability.

Historically, katana blades were typically folded between 8 to 16 times during the forging process. However, some exceptional blades may have undergone more folding, reaching 32 folds or higher. The folding process helped to distribute impurities, homogenize the steel, and create the desired aesthetics of the blade.

It is worth noting that while folding can enhance certain properties of the steel, such as improving the steel's purity and creating a visually appealing grain pattern, other factors such as the choice of steel, heat treatment, and overall craftsmanship have a significant impact on the quality and performance of a katana.

Modern swordsmiths may choose to incorporate folding techniques as a nod to tradition or for artistic purposes, even if the practical benefits are minimal. The overall craftsmanship, attention to detail, and the skill of the swordsmith play a vital role in the final quality and performance of a katana, regardless of the specific number of folds.