Samurai fastened their swords using a combination of different components and techniques. The specific method varied over time and depended on the style of sword and scabbard being used. Here are some common elements involved in securing a samurai sword:

1. Obi: The obi refers to the wide belt worn by samurai as part of their traditional attire. The obi served as a foundation for securing the sword to the samurai's waist. It was typically made of sturdy fabric and wrapped tightly around the waist to provide support and stability.
2. Sageo: The sageo is a cord or strap attached to the scabbard (saya) of the sword. It played a crucial role in securing the sword to the obi. The sageo was threaded through the kurikata, a small loop on the scabbard, and then wrapped around the obi in a specific pattern. The sageo helped keep the sword in place and prevented it from slipping out of the belt.
3. Himo: In some cases, himo, which are additional cords or ties, were used to secure the sword and scabbard to the obi. Himo cords could be wrapped around the obi and tied in a specific manner to ensure a secure fit. These cords provided extra support and stability, particularly during vigorous activities or combat situations.
4. Kojiri and Kurigata: Kojiri and kurigata are fittings attached to the scabbard (saya). The kojiri is a metal or wooden cap placed at the end of the saya, while the kurigata is a small loop or knob used for attaching the sageo. These fittings helped anchor the sageo to the scabbard and provided additional points of attachment for securing the sword to the obi.

The specific manner of fastening the sword varied among individual samurai and different schools of swordsmanship. It could also be influenced by personal preference and the specific requirements of the situation. The tying techniques and intricacies of fastening the sword were often taught as part of a samurai's training and were considered essential skills.