The main difference between a short sword and a dagger lies in their design, purpose, and typical usage:

1. Blade Length: Generally, a short sword has a longer blade compared to a dagger. While the exact length can vary, a short sword typically has a blade length of around 30 to 60 centimeters (12 to 24 inches), providing a larger cutting surface and reach. In contrast, a dagger usually has a shorter blade length, typically ranging from around 15 to 30 centimeters (6 to 12 inches).
2. Blade Shape and Design: Short swords often have a single-edged or double-edged blade, which can vary in curvature and width depending on the specific type of sword. Daggers, on the other hand, generally have a symmetrical, double-edged blade that is usually straight or only slightly curved.
3. Primary Use: Short swords are designed and intended as primary weapons for combat. They are typically employed for slashing, cutting, and thrusting techniques in battles or combat scenarios. Daggers, while also used in combat, are often considered secondary or backup weapons. They excel in close-quarters combat, quick strikes, and stabbing motions.
4. Defensive Capabilities: Short swords offer more substantial defensive capabilities due to their larger size, longer reach, and broader blade surface area. They can parry or block incoming attacks with relative ease. Daggers, while less effective for blocking, are highly maneuverable and allow for quick defensive maneuvers such as parrying or redirecting an opponent's weapon.
5. Versatility: Short swords are generally less versatile than daggers. Their larger size and weight make them less suitable for tasks beyond combat. Daggers, being lighter and more maneuverable, have a wider range of applications. They can serve as utility tools, such as for cutting or slicing tasks, and can also be used for activities like hunting or personal protection.

It's important to note that the distinction between a short sword and a dagger can vary depending on cultural, historical, and regional contexts. Different cultures and time periods may have their own definitions and variations of these weapons, and the terminology can sometimes overlap.