A short Japanese sword is called a "wakizashi." The wakizashi is a traditional Japanese sword that typically has a blade length between 30 and 60 centimeters (12 to 24 inches). It is shorter than the katana, which is the longer and more iconic Japanese sword.

The wakizashi was traditionally worn together with the katana as a pair of swords by samurai warriors in feudal Japan. The pairing of the katana and wakizashi was known as "daishō," with the katana being the longer primary weapon and the wakizashi serving as the shorter secondary weapon.

The wakizashi shares many design characteristics with the katana, including a curved blade, a single-edged cutting edge, and a tang that extends into the handle. However, due to its shorter length, the wakizashi is typically lighter and more maneuverable than the katana.

Wakizashi swords have various uses and applications. They can be employed as a backup weapon, a close-quarters self-defense weapon, or for ceremonial and decorative purposes. In modern times, wakizashi are also utilized in traditional Japanese martial arts and sword training.

It's important to note that the use of wakizashi and other traditional Japanese swords is regulated in many countries, so it is essential to research and comply with local laws and regulations before owning or carrying such weapons.