The tanto is typically classified as a dagger rather than a sword. While the exact definitions and categorizations may vary, daggers are generally characterized by their short blade length and their primary design for stabbing and thrusting rather than cutting or slashing.

The tanto has a straight blade with a sharp point and is typically shorter in length compared to swords like the katana. Tanto blades typically range from around 15 to 30 centimeters (6 to 12 inches) in length. The blade geometry and profile of a tanto are optimized for piercing and thrusting motions.

Historically, tanto blades were used in Japan as utility knives, weapons for close-quarters combat, or for ceremonial purposes. They were often carried by samurai and civilians alike, serving as a versatile tool for self-defense, everyday tasks, and as a symbol of status.

While tanto blades share some similarities with swords in terms of their construction, design elements, and cultural significance, they are generally considered daggers due to their shorter blade length and their primary focus on thrusting and stabbing attacks.