Katana hilts, also known as tsuka, are typically made of several materials that work together to provide a secure and comfortable grip. The primary components of a katana hilt include:
- Core: The core of the tsuka is traditionally made of ho wood (magnolia), which is lightweight and durable. The ho wood core provides the foundational structure for the handle and helps absorb vibrations during sword use.
- Grip Material: The grip material, known as the tsuka-ito, is wrapped around the ho wood core to provide a textured surface and a secure grip. The tsuka-ito is traditionally made of silk or cotton and is tightly wrapped in a specific pattern, often alternating colors. The wrapping serves both functional and aesthetic purposes.
- Rayskin (Same): Rayskin, also called same, is a type of material derived from the skin of the stingray. It is used to cover the core of the hilt, providing a non-slip surface and additional texture for grip. Rayskin is typically used on the handle sections where the hand contacts the hilt, such as the top and bottom of the handle.
- Menuki: Menuki are decorative ornaments or fittings that are often placed underneath the tsuka-ito wrapping on the handle. They serve both aesthetic and practical purposes, adding a tactile element and enhancing grip. Menuki can be made of various materials such as metal, ivory, or other precious materials.
- Fuchi and Kashira: Fuchi and kashira are metal fittings located at the top and bottom of the tsuka. They provide a decorative and functional transition between the handle and the guard (tsuba) and pommel (kashira) of the sword.
- Mekugi: Mekugi are small bamboo pegs that secure the tsuka to the tang (nakago) of the blade. These pegs add stability and strength to the hilt, ensuring a secure connection between the handle and the blade.
The combination of these materials in a katana hilt provides a balanced, comfortable, and secure grip. The use of traditional materials and techniques adds to the overall authenticity and craftsmanship of the katana.
