On a katana, the menuki refers to small decorative ornaments or fittings that are traditionally mounted on the handle, specifically on the tsuka (hilt). Menuki are typically paired and placed underneath the tsuka-ito (handle wrapping) on either side of the handle, aligned with the palm of the wielder when gripping the sword.

Menuki serve both aesthetic and functional purposes. They add visual appeal to the sword and are often intricately designed, showcasing the craftsmanship of the swordsmith or the artistic skills of the menuki maker. Menuki can be made of various materials, including precious metals like gold or silver, alloys, or other decorative materials.

Functionally, menuki also provide some practical benefits. They serve as grip enhancers, improving the handling and maneuverability of the sword. By adding a slight texture or relief to the handle, they provide a tactile element and prevent the sword from slipping in the hand during combat or practice.

Menuki come in a wide variety of designs, ranging from simple and abstract shapes to intricate motifs inspired by nature, mythology, historical events, or cultural symbolism. Some common themes for menuki include dragons, flowers, animals, samurai warriors, or clan symbols. The design of the menuki can sometimes reflect the overall theme or aesthetic of the katana and its fittings.

Menuki are not exclusive to katanas and can also be found in other Japanese swords like wakizashi or tanto, as well as in other traditional Japanese crafts, such as tea ceremony utensils or lacquerware. They are an important element in the overall visual presentation and personalization of a katana.