A sabre sword, often simply called a sabre, is a type of single-edged, curved sword with a slightly convex blade. It is characterized by its distinctive curved shape, designed to facilitate slashing and cutting motions. The sabre has a long history and was commonly used by various cavalry units throughout the world.

The blade of a sabre typically has a sharp cutting edge on one side, while the back edge is either unsharpened or less sharp. The curvature of the blade allows for effective slicing attacks, making it well-suited for mounted combat. The hilt of a sabre usually includes a handguard, which provides protection for the wielder's hand.

Sabres were widely used in military contexts, particularly during the 18th and 19th centuries. They were favored by cavalry forces because the curved blade allowed for powerful cuts from horseback. The slashing motion of a sabre was effective against infantry and could also be used for parrying and blocking enemy attacks.

Over time, various styles and variations of sabres emerged, influenced by different cultures and military traditions. Examples include the European cavalry sabre, such as the British 1796 Pattern Light Cavalry Sabre, the French Model 1822 Heavy Cavalry Sabre, and the Polish Karabela. There are also Eastern sabres like the Ottoman kilij and the Russian shashka.

Although sabres were primarily associated with military use, they have also been used in civilian contexts, such as sport fencing. Sabre fencing is one of the three disciplines of modern Olympic fencing, alongside épée and foil.

Today, while sabres are no longer used in active military combat, they hold a significant historical and cultural value. Many antique sabres can be found in museums and private collections, and replicas or ceremonial versions are sometimes used in military and ceremonial occasions. Additionally, the sport of sabre fencing continues to thrive as a competitive martial art.