Samurai carried a tanto as a secondary weapon alongside their primary sword, such as a katana or tachi. The tanto is a shorter blade, typically around 6-12 inches in length, and it served several purposes for the samurai:

1. Versatility: The tanto provided the samurai with a versatile tool that could be used in various combat scenarios. Its shorter length and compact size made it highly maneuverable in close-quarters combat or confined spaces where the longer katana might be less practical. The tanto was effective for thrusting, slashing, and quick, precise strikes.
2. Backup Weapon: The tanto served as a backup weapon in case the samurai's primary sword was lost, damaged, or rendered ineffective during combat. It provided a reliable alternative that the samurai could quickly draw and use as a last resort, ensuring they remained armed and capable of defending themselves.
3. Utility Tool: The tanto was not only a weapon but also a versatile utility tool for the samurai. It could be used for various non-combat purposes, such as cutting ropes, preparing food, or performing daily tasks. The tanto's practicality extended beyond combat situations, making it a valuable tool in the samurai's daily life.
4. Symbolic Significance: The tanto carried symbolic significance as well. It represented the samurai's dedication to the warrior code of bushido and their commitment to honor, discipline, and duty. The tanto was a symbol of the samurai's readiness for combat and their willingness to protect their lord or fulfill their responsibilities.

The tanto was an essential part of the samurai's armament, offering versatility, backup protection, utility, and symbolic value. It exemplified the samurai's preparedness for various combat scenarios and their commitment to their role as warriors.