The handle of a samurai sword is called the "Tsuka" in Japanese. The Tsuka is an essential part of the sword and provides the grip for the wielder. It is typically made from wood and wrapped with a material called "Ito" (usually silk or cotton cord) to enhance grip and provide comfort.
The Tsuka is designed with careful attention to ergonomics, ensuring that it fits comfortably in the hand and allows for proper control and maneuverability during sword handling. The length and shape of the Tsuka can vary depending on the specific style and period of the samurai sword.
The Tsuka is often further enhanced with additional components:
- Menuki: Menuki refers to decorative ornaments that are placed underneath the wrapping on the Tsuka. They can be made of various materials such as metal or precious metals like gold or silver. Menuki serve both aesthetic and functional purposes, providing additional grip and balance to the handle.
- Samegawa: Samegawa refers to the ray or sharkskin that is traditionally used to cover the wooden core of the Tsuka. Samegawa provides texture and a non-slip surface for a secure grip.
- Fuchi and Kashira: Fuchi and Kashira are metal fittings that enclose the ends of the Tsuka. They serve as decorative elements and provide reinforcement to the Tsuka's structure.
- Tsuka-ito: Tsuka-ito refers to the wrapping material that covers the Tsuka. It is traditionally made of silk or cotton cord and is tightly wrapped around the handle in a specific pattern, such as the Hishigami wrap or the Katate-maki wrap. The Tsuka-ito provides grip, comfort, and aesthetic appeal.
The Tsuka, along with its associated components, plays a crucial role in the overall functionality, balance, and visual aesthetic of a samurai sword. Its design and construction require skillful craftsmanship to ensure a secure and comfortable grip for the wielder.
