1045 carbon steel is a medium-carbon steel alloy that offers good strength and toughness. It has a carbon content of approximately 0.45%, which contributes to its overall hardness and strength. Here are some key characteristics of 1045 carbon steel:

1. Strength: 1045 steel has a good level of strength, allowing it to withstand high levels of stress and load without significant deformation or failure. It is commonly used in applications that require moderate to high strength.
2. Toughness: 1045 steel exhibits good toughness, which refers to its ability to absorb energy and resist fracture. This makes it less susceptible to breakage or cracking under impact or heavy loads.
3. Wear Resistance: While 1045 steel is not considered highly wear-resistant compared to steels with higher carbon content or added alloying elements, it still offers moderate wear resistance. It can withstand moderate abrasion and retain its shape over time.
4. Machinability: 1045 steel is known for its good machinability, meaning it can be easily machined, shaped, and formed into various parts and components. This makes it popular for manufacturing processes that require machining or fabrication.

It's important to note that the strength and performance of 1045 carbon steel can vary depending on factors such as the heat treatment, forging process, and overall quality of the steel. Proper heat treatment can enhance the steel's properties, including hardness and toughness.

While 1045 steel is often used in the production of various tools and components, including swords, it is generally considered a lower-end steel in terms of performance for high-quality swords. It is commonly used for functional or entry-level swords where strength and affordability are prioritized over specialized properties like edge retention or exceptional cutting ability.

When considering a sword made from 1045 carbon steel, it's essential to assess the overall quality, craftsmanship, and design of the sword, as those factors contribute significantly to its performance and durability.